MERCURY IN BOTTOM SEDIMENTS OF SMALL RIVERS IN KHABAROVSK CITY 

O. S. Khomchenko ¹

¹ Institute for Water and Environmental Problems, Far East Branch Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Dikopol'tseva, 56, Khabarovsk, 680021 Russia

E-mail: homchenko.ru@mail.ru

The results are presented of the mercury content study in bottom sediment of small rivers within the Khabarovsk city and surroundings during 2021 spring-summer season. The temporal and spatial shifts in mercury content concentration are shown. These shifts are explained by the maturity and the level of agricultural use of water catchment areas. The research highlights the  absence of any link between the visual level of water pollution and the mercury content in bottom sediments regardless the sediment nature. During the research period, the mercury content  has changed a lot under the influence of a combination of natural and anthropogenic factors. The maximum concentrations of mercury registered for the Berezovaya River - 226 μg / kg (with an average value of 164 μg / kg) and that of Chernaya River - 168 μg / kg (with an average value of 144 μg / kg). These rivers both have natural runoff from the surrounding areas and receive wastewater from treatment facilities. The content of mercury in bottom sediments of the rivers draining underdeveloped areas is slightly lower than in soils of water protection zones. In the areas that drain well-developed territories, it increases by 2-4 times.

Keywords: mercury, sediment layers, small rivers, Khabarovsk

REFERENCES

1. Akhtyamova, G.G. Antropogennaya transformatsiya sostava donnykh otlozhenii basseina r.Pakhra (Moskovskayay oblast') [Anthropogenic transformation of the composition of bottom sediments in the Pakhra River basin (Moscow region)]. Meteorologiya i gidrologiya, 2009, no. 2, pp.80-88. (in Russian)
2. Akhtyamova, G.G., Tatsii, Yu.G., Yanin, E.P. Osobennosti raspredeleniya i nakopleniya tyazhelykh metallov v tekhnogennykh ilakh basseina r.Pakhra [Features of distribution and accumulation of heavy metals in technogenic silts of Pakhra River basin]. Meteorologiya i gidrologiya, 2012, no. 2, pp.89-97. (in Russian)
3. Garetova, L.A., Fisher, N.A. Biogeokhimicheskaya kharakteristika donnykh otlozehnii malykh rek g.Khabarovska i ego okrestnostei [Biogeochemical characteristics of bottom sediments of small rivers in the city of Khabarovsk and its environs]. Regiony novogo osvoeniya: sovremennoe sostoyanie prirodnykh kompleksov i ikh okhrana [Regions of new development: the current state of natural complexes and their protection. Proc. Intern. Sci. Conf.], Khabarovsk, IWEP FEB RAS Publ., 2021, pp. 130-134. (in Russian)
4. Gosudarstvennyi doklad o sostoyanii i ob okhrane orkuzhayushchei sredy Khabarovskogo kraya v 2020 gody [State report on the state and protection of the environment of the Khabarovsk Territory in 2020]. Khabarovsk, Ministry of Natural Resources of the Khabarovsk Territory, 2021, 255 p. (in Russian)
5. Kot, F.S., Matyushkina, L.A., Levshina, S.I. Formy rtuti v gorodskikh pochvakh promyshlennykh tsentrov srednego Priamur'ya [Forms of mercury in urban soils of industrial centers of the middle Amur region. Biogeokhimicheskie i gidroekologicheskie otsenki nazemnykh i presnovodnykh ekosistem [Biogeochemical and hydrologic-ecological evaluation of terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems]. Vladivostok, Dal'nauka Publ., 2003, pp. 45-62. (in Russian)
6. Koshel’kov, A.M., Matyushkina, L.A. Otsenka khimicheskogo zagryazneniya pochv vodookhrannykh zon malykh rek goroda Khabarovska [Assessment of chemical contamination of soils in water protection zones of small rivers in the city of Khabarovsk]. Regional’nye problemy, 2018, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 76-85. (in Russian)
7. Opekunov, A.Yu., Opekunova, M.G., Kukushkin, S.Y. Identifikatsiya istochnikov zagryazneniya vodotokov Sankt-Peterburga po rezul'tatam izucheniya donnykh osadkov [Identification of pollution sources of  watercourses in St. Petersburg based on the results of the study of bottom sediments]. Gidrologiya ot poznaniya k mirovozreniyu [Hydrology from knowledge to worldview. Proc. Intern. Sci. Conf. in commemoration of Yu.B. Vinogradov]. St. Petersburg, BBM Publ., 2020, pp. 979-984. (in Russian)
8. Opekunova, M.G., Opekunov, A.Yu., Kukushkin, S.Yu., Ganul, A.G. Fonovoe soderzhanie khimicheskikh elementov v pochvakh i donnykh osadkakh severa Zapadnoi Sibiri [Background content of chemical elements in soils and bottom sediments in the north of Western Siberia]. Pochvovedenie, 2019, no. 4, pp. 422-439. (in Russian)
9. Roslikova, V.I., Matveenko, T.I. Pochvy parkovykh zon "Dinamo", "Ljm ofitserov flota" Khabarovska i ikh ekologicheskoe sostoyanie [Soils of park zones "Dynamo", "House of officers of the fleet" of Khabarovsk and their ecological status]. Regiony novogo osvoeniya: sovremennoe sostoyanie prirodnykh kompleksov i ikh okhrana [Regions of new development: the current state of natural complexes and their protection]. Proc. Intern. Sci. Conf., Khabarovsk, IWEP FEB RAS, 2021, pp. 264-268. (in Russian)
10. SanPiN 1.2.3685-21.Sanitarnye pravila i normy. Gigienicheskie normativy i trebovaniya k obespecheniyu bezopasnosti i (ili) bezvrednosti dlya cheloveka faktorov sredy obitaniya [Official Internet Portal of Legal Information, 03.02.2021. Approved by the Resolution of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation]. Russian Federation, Ministry of Justice, 2021, 975 p. (in Russian)
11. Skugoreva, S.G., Ashikhmina, T. Ya. Soderzhanie rtuti v komponentakh prirodnoi sredy na territorii vblizi Kirovo-Chepetskogo khimicheskogo kombinata [The content of mercury in the natural environment components around Kirovo-Chepetsk chemical plant]. Izvestiya Komi nauchnogo tsentra UrO RAN, 2012, no. 3 (11), pp. 39-45. (in Russian)
12. Solovykh, G.N., Osinkina, T.V., Kanunikova, E.A., Tikhomirova, G.M., Fabarisova, L.G. Issledovanie granulometricheskogo sostava i fiziko-khimicheskoi emkosti donnykh otlozhenii srednego techeniya reki Ural kak faktorov, vliyayushchikh na nakoplenie soedinenii rtuti v issleduemykh ekotopakh [Investigation of the particle-size distribution and physicochemical capacity of bottom sediments in the middle reaches of the Ural River as factors affecting the accumulation of mercury compounds in the studied ecotopes]. Sovremennye problemy nauki i obrazovaniya, 2015, no. 2-2, pp. 38-43. (in Russian)
13. Uvarova, V.I., Zakharova, T.V. Otsenka soderzhaniya nefteproduktov i tyazhelykh metallov v donnykh otlozheniyakh rek Pur i Nadym [Assessment of the content of oil products and heavy metals in bottom sediments of the Pur and Nadym rivers]. Vestnik rybokhozyaistvennoi nauki, 2016, vol. 3, no. 3 (11), pp. 62-72. (in Russian)
14. Sharshenova, A.A., Usonkulova, G.B., Zheleznyak, A.O. Gigienicheskaya otsenka rtuti v ob'ektakh okruzhayushchei sredy [Hygienic assessment of mercury in environmental objects]. Zdravookhranenie Kyrgyzstana, 2016, no. 2, pp. 42-48. (in Russian)
15. Shesterkin, V.P., Afanas'eva, M.I., Shesterkina, N.M. Osobennosti kachestva vody malykh rek Khabarovska v zimnii period [Features of water quality of small rivers of Khabarovsk in winter]. Geoekologiya, 2019, no. 3, pp. 42-51. (in Russian)
16. Yanin, E. P. Tekhnogennye rechnye ily (usloviya formirovaniya, veshchestvennyi sostav, geokhimicheskie osobennosti) [Technogenic river silts (conditions of formation, material composition, geochemical features)]. Moscow, NP ARSO Publ., 2018, 415 p. (in Russian)
17. Habuer, Fujiwara, T., Takaoka, M. The response of anthropogenic mercury release in China to the Minamata Convention on Mercury: A hypothetical expectation. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2021. vol. 323, 12, p. DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.129089.
18. Shia, J., Lianga, L., Jianga, G., Jina, X. The speciation and bioavailability of mercury in sediments of Haihe River, China. Environment International, 2005, vol. 31, pp. 357-365.