ГЕОЭКОЛОГИЯ
ИНЖЕНЕРНАЯ ГЕОЛОГИЯ. ГИДРОГЕОЛОГИЯ. ГЕОКРИОЛОГИЯ
Geoekologiya, 2018, Vol. 6, P. 83-94
APPROACHES TO ASSESSMENT OF GROUNDWATER CONTAMINATION RISK AT THE SITES OF HYDROGEOLOGICAL WINDOWS
I. V. Galitskayaa,#, I. A. Pozdnyakovaa, G. I. Batraka, and L. S. Tomsa
aSergeev Institute of Environmental Geoscience, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulanskii per. 13, str. 2, Moscow, 101000 Russia
#E-mail: galgeoenv@mail.ru
Two approaches to the probabilistic forecast of groundwater contamination risk using the stochastic modeling of hydrogeological windows are presented. The first approach is discussed by the example of groundwater contamination with oil products produced by the motor transport complex, the second one is exemplified by groundwater contamination with nitrates in the former filtration fields. Based on the situation analysis, the events determining the risk in the study areas were considered as quasi-deterministic and probabilistic. Com-parison of modeling results using the models with hydrogeological windows in the dividing layer and with their absence revealed a significant effect of hydrogeological windows on the exploited aquifer contamination and showed the need to take this factor into account in predictive calculations.
Key words: groundwater, contamination, hydrogeological windows, forecast, risk, stochastic modeling
REFERENCES
1. Bakshevskaya, V.A., Pozdnyakov, S.P. Metody mod-elirovaniya geofil’tratsionnoy neodnorodnosti osa-dochnykh otlozheniy [Methods of modeling geofiltra-tional heterogeneities in sedimentary deposits]. Geoekologiya, 2012, no. 6, pp. 560–570. (in Russian)
2. Vsevolozhskaya, M.A., Roshal’, A.A., Galitskaya, I.V., Ivanova, N.V. Gidrogeokhimiya peretekaniya v yestest-vennykh i narushennykh usloviyakh [Hydrogeochemis-try of overflowing under natural and disturbed conditions]. Vestnik MGU, ser. Geologiya, 1982, no. 2, pp. 49–64. (in Russian)
3. Galitskaya, I.V. Metodologicheskiye issledovaniya formirovaniya geokhimicheskoy opasnosti i riska na urbanizirovannykh territoriyakh [Methodological studies in the geochemical hazard and risk formation in urban-ized areas]. Geoekologiya, 2007, no. 3, pp. 225–337. (in Russian)
4. Yelokhina, S .N. V liyaniye gidrogeologicheskikh “okon” na peretekaniye i kachestvo vody na vodozabore (na prim-ere nizhneeotsenovogo vodonosnogo gorizonta Zapadnogo Zaural’ya) [Influence of hydrogeological windows on overflow and quality of water within a water intake facility (by the example of Lower Eocene aquifer in the Western TransUrals area). Extended abstract of candidate (geol.-min.) dissertation. Zelenyi, VSEGINGEO, 1984. (in Russian)
5. Pozdnyakova, I.A., Galitskaya, I.V., Mironov, O.K., Kostikova, I.A., Dorozhko, A.L., Batrak G.I., Matvee-va L.A., Fesel’ K.I. Vyyavleniye gidrogeologicheskikh okon na osnove krupnomasshtabnogo kartirovaniya geo-logicheskogo stroeniya i gidrogeologicheskikh uslovii terri-torii g. Moskvy [Revealing hydrogeological windows on the basis of large-scale mapping of geological structure and hydrogeological conditions in Moscow]. Geoe-kologiya, 2015, no. 4, pp. 352–365. (in Russian)
6. Galitskaya, I., Pozdniakova, I., Toms, L. Assessment of hydrogeochemical hazard and risk in the urbanized ter-ritories. Global Groundwater Resources and Manage-ment. Selected Papers from The 33rd International Geo-logical Congress, Scientific Publishers (India). Jodhpur, 2010, pp. 477–496.
7. Galitskaya, I., Pozdniakova, I., Toms, L. Simulation of contaminant transport for contamination risk assessment. Calibration and reliability in groundwater model-ling: Managing groundwater and the environment. Edited by Yanxin Wang, Shemin Ge, Marry C. Hill, IAHS Publication 341, 2011, pp. 172–178.
8. Chiang, W.H., Kinzelbach, W. 3D-Groundwater mod-eling with PMWIN. First Edition. Springer Berlin Hei-delberg, New York. ISBN 3-540 67744-5, 2001, 346 p.
9. Deutsch, C.V., Journel A.G. GSLIB: Geostatistical software library and users guide. Oxford University Press, second edition, New York, 1997, 369 pp.
10. Leeson, J., Edwards, A. Hydrogeological risk assess-ments for landfills and the derivation of groundwater control and trigger Levels. Environment Agency, Rio House, Waterside Drive, Aztec West Almondsbury, Bristol BS32 4UD, 2003.
11. Öberg, T., Bergbäck, B. A review of probabilistic risk assessment of contaminated land. Journal of Soils and Sediments. 2005, no. 5, pp. 213–224.
12. National Research Council: Science and judgment in risk assessment. National Academy Press, Washington DC, 1994.
13. Neber, A. Geological 3D mapping and structure-mod-elling with GSI3D. Geological surveying and investiga-tion in 3D: Introduction and user manual, 2006, 67 p.
14. Rosen, L., LeGrand, H.E. An outline of a guidance framework for assessing hydrogeological risks at early stages. Ground Water. 1997, vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 195–204.
15. Rumynin, V.G., Nikulenkov, A.M. Geological and physicochemical controls of the spatial distribution of partition coefficients for radionuclides (Sr-90, Cs-137, Co-60, Pu-239,240 and Am-241) at a site of nuclear re-actors and radioactive waste disposal (St. Petersburg re-gion, Russian Federation). J. of Environmental Radioactivity, 2016, no. 162–163, pp. 205–218.
16. Stevenazzi, S., Masetti, M., Nghiem Son V., Sorichet-ta, A. Groundwater vulnerability maps derived from a time-dependent method using satellite scatterometer data. Hydrogeology Journal. 2015, no. 23, pp. 631–647.
17. USEPA: Risk assessment guidance for Superfund: Vol. III. Part A, Process for conducting probabilistic risk assessment. US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington DC, report EPA/540/R-02/002, 2001.