TRANSBOUNDARY, REGIONAL AND LOCAL GEOCHEMICAL TRANSFER OF CHEMICALS IN SNOW COVER

A. V. Zakharchenko^1,*, A. A. Tigeev¹, O. A. Pas’ko^2,** , L. G. Kolesnichenko^3,***, and D. V. Moskovchenko^4,****

¹ Tyumen Scientific Centre, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of the Problems in the North Development, ul. Malygina 86, Tyumen, 625026 Russia
² National Research Tomsk Polytechnical University, ul. Lenina 30, Tomsk, 634050 Russia
³ Tomsk State University, ul. Lenina 36, Tomsk, 634050 Russia
⁴ Tyumen State University, ul. Volodarskogo 6, Tyumen, 625003 Russia
*E-mail: avzakh@gmail.com
**E-mail: oap@tpu.ru
***E-mail: klg77777@mail.ru
****E-mail: moskovchenko1965@gmail.com 

The ability of snow cover to deposit atmospheric substances allows us to analyze the influx of pollutants. The study of snow filtrate and dust in the Western Altai revealed a geochemical anomaly in the content of sulfates, nitrogenous substances, and elements of polymetallic ores, indicating the transboundary geochemical transfer of chemicals. Cyclonal meteorological phenomena may cause both global and regional redistribution of pollutants in the snow cover. The purpose of the work is to identify the spatial features of the geochemical transboundary, regional and local distribution of aerosols deposited in the snow cover in the areas at different distances from the industrial center using GIS technologies and statistical analysis. The object of study is the snow cover in the Tomsk region. We measured pH, the concentration of nitrate and ammonia nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sodium, chlorine (mg/l) in the thawed snow filtrate. Heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, Fe, Mn, Cr, Ni) were measured in the solid residue using the atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The average snow thickness is evenly distributed by the studied area with variability over the years. In the forest, the content of dust, NH4, P2O5, and Mg is significantly higher than that in the arable land. The content of , , as well as alkaline and alkaline-earth elements is higher near the industrial zone as compared to their background values. The relationship between the content of Ca and Cl in melt water is established, which indicates an erosion-soil source of Cl. The content of siderophile and lithophile trace elements increases near the industrial zone of the Tomsk agglomeration and decreases with the growing distance from it. Some trace elements are distributed sporadically throughout the territory. In some locations (Batkat settlement, Komarovsky marshes), more than 60 km from GRES-2 and 70 km from the Siberian Chemical Combine (SCC), an elevated content of chemical elements was found, similar to pollution from SCC. An explanatory hypothesis has been put forward about the transfer of pollutants by winds from the periphery of the low-pressure region to the center of the cyclone when approaching from the west.

Key words: solid aerosols, snow cover, trace elements, pollutants, cyclonic transfer

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